Economic situation after Emancipation Essay

The Post Emancipation period resulted in most of the ex slaves leaving the estates. Many of them set themselves up as peasant (small) farmers. This resulted in a massive labour shortage which threatened to cause the sugar industry to collapse. The sugar industry was already in a poor state because of (1) shortage of labour and (2) sugar beet competition. To avoid total decline, planters tried to introduce immigration in the form of bringing in laborers from Europe, other Caribbean islands, Asia and other areas. They also tried to introduce technology in order to reduce the cost of sugar production. However, all of these efforts could not stop the changes from sugar monoculture (planting of one crop which was sugar cane) to agricultural diversification (planting of many crops). As a result of this, many crops were produced after emancipation e.g. banana, cocoa and arrowroot. Agricultural diversification also occurred because ex-slaves grew crops other than sugar cane. These peasant farmers grew not only food crops for eating but cash crops to sell. Peasant farming began by ex slaves but was boosted by the East Indians who came through immigration to work on plantations. Therefore the emancipation of slaves and their exodus or mass departure from the plantations led to (1) the development of peasant farming and (2) Immigration. Labour Problems in the Post Emancipation period Before emancipation, all territories in the British West Indies could be classified as the same because they were all plantation economies based on slave labour. After emancipation island separatedness developed as each island began to take different turns to develop. In other words islands developed at different rates. Larger islands had greater labour problems because they had more land and larger numbers of ex slaves but few of them were willing to work on plantations after emancipation. Let’s compare Trinidad and Jamaica after emancipation. Trinidad was  considered a medium sized territory with a large population of freed persons or ex slaves. Jamaica was considered a large island with an even larger population of freed persons. The difference is that Trinidad had a similar labour problem and saw immigration as the solution to this labour shortage. Jamaica had a lot more problem and therefore an even larger labour problem but the government at the time did not want to introduce immigration to solve this problem. Attitudes to estate/ plantation labour after emancipation Attitudes of the ex- slaves (1) Ex-slaves wanted to turn their backs on the plantation which they associated with slavery and cruelty. They had a desire for personal liberty and land ownership. Of the slaves who considered meaning on plantations to work, many were turned off by low wages on plantations. Those who chose to both live and work on plantations were forced to pay high rents on estate houses. (2) Ex slaves longed to acqire an education because it would free them from bondage to the soil. Parents believed that it would have been too late for them to progress through education but not for their children. (3) In general plantation life affected the slaves so much that slaves tried toown land of their own as a means of securing their own property. They felt hopeful that they could succeed if they had their own land because they were familiar with agriculture from working as slaves on the plantations and also there was land available for sale in some territories (e.g. estates which were deserted by owners and state land which was unused) Attitudes of the planters or plantation owners After emancipation, the main concern of the white planters was to ensure that they had labour for their plantations. However, some planters had abandoned their estates because they watched the exodus of ex slaves and were afraid of having to pay high wages to labourers. Most planters tried to convince ex-slaves to stay and work for pay by saying that they would provide good  working and living conditions on their plantations as well as high wages but this was far from the truth. Many planters also tried to prevent freed men from getting land so that they would not be able to make a living planting crops and so they would therefore be forced to return to plantations to work. They did this by making the land too expensive or the ex slaves to buy. What did ex slaves do to survive after emancipation? Some remained on plantations to work for wages Some became peasant farmers farmers and grew crops to sell Female ex slaves would get jobs sewing, making handicraft, peddling items and shop keeping Male ex slaves would get involved in small trading, peddling and shop keeping Ex slaves would get together and combine money to buy large plots of land that were too expensive to buy individually and split the land among them.

Business Research Part

The fitness bands make is fairly ass for anyone with a weight loss or health goal to measure and track their exercise to include steps taken daily, and amount of energy and calories burned. N.B. has formed a team to research the accuracy and impact of wearing the fuel band. The primary benefit of the fuel band is intended to be to assist in helping consumers track their activity in order to lose weight. To ensure this is benefit is being achieved N.B. needs to show that as a person's activity level increases so does the number of calories they are burning. Hypothesis Statements 1 .The use of a fitness band to track activity will lead to increased activity (steps taken and distance covered) resulting in weight loss. 2. The accuracy of the fitness band will allow individuals a way to know the level of their daily output and input in order for them to reach their fitness goals. Research In preparing for this study there was a particular questions that guided the overall thinking. What i mpact does a fitness band have on a users overall general health? By displaying data concerning daily activity such as steps taken, distance covered, calories burned and hours slept can a user gain an wariness of their overall activity?With this is mind it is important to look back on the information that is currently available to us. There have been extensive studies conducted in this realm since the fitness band has emerged into the health and fitness industry. The team independently went out and reviewed this research to find what would be relevant to establishing this research plan. These range in review of the accuracy of the band on activity, the motivating factor it has on calorie counting, and the overall performance of the various bands on the market.In several of the articles it was evident that when aging walking activity fitness bands perform as desired. The Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports (2014) published a study where a sample of adults used fitness bands whi le walking on the treadmill at various speeds. Upon completion of the study it was deemed the no â€Å"significant differences were noted† between the fitness bands count and that of the observer counts, therefore a high level of inter-device reliability was present (Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 2014).Establishing that a fitness and has high reliability it accurately displaying activity solidified the choice of our dependent variable. Next we need establish that our independent variable were what we wanted to be based on the various other research out there. Mossier put forth a study in 2014 about the emerging importance technology would play in tracking activity (Mossier, 2014). The study discussed when a user accurately tracks activity and calorie intake it is an effective strategy for improved goal setting and overall health. This helped lead us in the direction of with increased awareness of activity does weight loss result?An article by Richards would say i t does but with modest results in short term use (Annals of Family Medicine, 2008). This article discussed the Cross- sectional studies show that individuals who walk more tend to be thinner than those who walk less. This does not mean, however, that the association between higher step counts and lower weight is causal or that encouraging sedentary individuals to increase step counts helps them lose weight. The study showed that 5 or more adult participants and at least 1 cohort enrolled in a pedometer-based walking intervention lasting at least 4 weeks.

Cesar Chavezs Use of Antithesis and Diction to Portray His Beliefs on the Argument on Why Nonviolent Resistance Trumps Violent Resistance

Cesar Chavez's Use of Antithesis and Diction to Portray His Beliefs on the Argument on Why Nonviolent Resistance Trumps Violent Resistance Ten years following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., people still protested and empathized on behalf of his death, but labor union organizer and civil rights leader Cesar Chavez argues as to why nonviolent resistance, trumps violent resistance. Chavez is able to portray his belief to the people through his strong use of antithesis and diction, and while even alluding to a historical leader whose views and beliefs are still extremely well known today. Through his use of strong rhetoric, and specific examples Chavez is able to solidify his argument in favor of nonviolent resistance. Throughout the article, Chavez uses antithesis to contrast the cons of violent resistance, with the pros of his argument for nonviolent resistance. Chavez first shines light to one of the pros of nonviolent resistance when he claims that, â€Å"Nonviolence provides the opportunity to stay on the offensive, and that is of crucial importance to win any contest.† Chavez is trying to get the point across that it is better to stay on good, and safe terms, rather than â€Å"fighting fire with fire,† because that can easily get violent, dangerous, and out of hand fast. Chavez juxtaposes this idea of being civil and not, â€Å"fighting fire with fire,† with cons of violent resistance when he says that, â€Å"If we resort to violence then one of two things will happen, either the violence will be escalated and there will be many injuries and perhaps death on both sides, or there will be total demoralization of the workers.† Both the outcomes that Chavez portrays as a result of violent resistance are bad, and Chavez takes advantage of this situation in order to continue advocating for nonviolent resistance by soon after stating, â€Å"Nonviolence has exactly the opposite effect.† Chavez finally puts to rest his portrayal of the negative consequences of violent resistance after he says, â€Å"Violence does not work in the long run and if it is temporarily successful, it replaces on violent form of power with another just as violent.† This statement ends his juxtaposition against violent resistance, leaving the reader with a chance to think about the truth of this statement, and as seen through history this statement proves rather accurate. Chavez uses strong diction in an effort to persuade the reader to advocate for nonviolent resistance. When Chavez first begins to argue against violent resistance, he uses powerful words such as â€Å"escalated,† and â€Å"demoralization,† to describe the negative effects of violent resistance. The words have a negative connotation in the context that they are used, which adds to the argument against violent resistance. Chavez uses this diction in this specific paragraph because this is the first time he truly introduces the idea of violent resistance, and he wants to immediately make it appear bad, and negative. Another instance in which Chavez uses strong diction is when he uses the words â€Å"frustration,† and â€Å"impatience,† in order to express how he is aware of how people feel frustrated, impatient, and angry, but he follows this up by saying that is no reason to resort to violent resistance, because eventually things will work out. It is throu gh his strong use of diction, that Chavez is further able to leave a lasting impression on the reader as to why nonviolent resistance is a far more reasonable, and effective form of resistance. Chavez continues to argue in favor of nonviolent resistance, by alluding to Mahatma Gandhi, one of the most famous men in the world, who is known for his firm stance on nonviolent resistance. Gandhi was able to lead India to its independence without any use of violence. By alluding to Gandhi, Chavez is making an effort to prove to readers that things can get done without the use of violence, and the story of Gandhi shows just that. Chavez’s use of antithesis clearly portrays his reasoning as to how the pros of nonviolent resistance, outweigh the many cons of violent resistance, and through his use of strong diction, and an allusion that shows historical proof that nonviolent resistance is an effective strategy, Chavez is able to make a strong case for nonviolent resistance.

Semiotics in the Analysis of Popular Music Texts Essay

Semiotics in the Analysis of Popular Music Texts - Essay Example Musicology as a field of study has been in a state of flux since the rise of popular music at the beginning of the 20th century. Classical musicology has been dominated by just that: the study of classical music. The reasons given for this range from its reliance on formal structure and harmony (Carter, The Role of the Music Practitioner in the Examination of Contemporary Electronic and Experimental Music, ) to the fact that popular music is more immediate and emotionally involved in the lives of its listeners, to the reasons concerning class and value (Middleton 1990). In actuality, all three of these reasons form a coherent whole to explain the insistence upon formal musicology's need to exclude popular music. Yet here in the 21st century a new methodology for analysing music is firmly in place, one that undoes to a great extent the importance of those analytical foundations upon which classical musicology has been based. Just as the focus of critical theories surrounding literatur e underwent a tremendous change in the previous century, moving away from a more traditional, structuralist, author-centered approach, so has musical analysis followed suit. What it still unsure, however, is whether the move away from traditional musicology has been made because it is completely deficient for the purpose, or whether the semiotic approach has taken root because it represents a more accurate reflection of music's meaning. Musicology is, of course, simply the study of music and all that music entails (Middleton, Studying Popular Music, p. 103) and semiotics is the study of signs and meanings and how they are understood. Semiotics, therefore, is really less a study of the music itself than a study of how that music is interpreted by the listener. In this way, semiotics provides an answer for the question of why traditional musicology has failed in its attempt to embrace and understand popular music because it is less concerned with formality and tradition and open to mo re experimentation and interpretation based on extraneous components such as costume, gesture and performance, as well as because popular music by definition appeals to a wider audience and so is therefore a richer resource for understanding contemporary cultures and subcultures. The deficiencies of classical musicology as regard its ability to fully analyse and explain popular musical texts is a topic that has received great attention by such writers as Richard Middleton and Philip Tagg, among others, and the general consensus by most critics is that classical musicology suffers from an overreliance on notational content as well as on language and a discursive technique that is ideologically unsound. The basic terminology of musicology has remain unchanged for centuries and suffers from an elitism that bases the study of music upon a certain academic playing field that remains closed to new players. Middleton asserts that because of this longstanding reliance on certain academic terms, traditional musicology comes equipped with a rich vocabulary with which to analyse certain elements of classical music: harmony, chord types and functions, tonality, counterpoint, etc, but on the other hand, the vocabulary is impoverished in other areas such as rhythm, pitch nuance and timbre ( Studying Popular Music, p. 104). Since, as an overview of semiotics will shortly show, a combination of a signifier and a signified create signs that are all we have to communicate concrete ideas, the ability to choose from among a large amount of signs-in this case musical terms-to describe something is essential to full communication. If only certain words are capable of adequately describing music as a text then those words, like any other descriptors, will eventually become restricted to only a select few. Today we recognize these restricted words as jargon and feel discomfort when two people are using jargon we don't understand. The use of jargon or elitist terminology serves as a distancing

Decision in Paradise Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decision in Paradise - Research Paper Example In this paper, the factors that affect the implementation of decision in the organization and propose the solution to tackle the situation are taken into consideration. Secondly, the resources and actions required to effectively implement the decision based on the proposed solution are evaluated. Finally, an analysis of the ethical implication on the part of stakeholders is made. Factors Affecting Decision Implementation: While implementing a decision in an organization, there may arise various hindrances which may curtail the organization’s effective functioning and, eventually, its growth. The major factors that affect the decision implementation can be identified as government interference, economic factors, ecological factors, human resources etc. Any decision can be effectively implemented if all these factors are considered while taking the decision. Government plays a major role in the development of an organization. The government, with its power to put restrictions on an organization, can be considered as a factor that may affect the implementation of decisions taken in the organization. ... If the company decides to make changes in its cost or other economic matters, it should first take into account the economical condition of the place. If the economic decisions do not meet the economical condition of the place, then the implementation of the decision will be ineffective. Ecological factors also affect the decision as any organization is influenced by the geographical situation of the place where it is located. If the decision taken is adverse to the ecological condition, then it cannot be effectively implemented and may cause loss for the company. In a place like Kava, which is mainly prone to natural disasters, it is important to consider the natural condition as well as the living condition of the people. The human resources may affect the decision implementation because a decision to reduce pay may invite protest from the workers. Availability of cheap labour may attract the company but those labourers will most probably be unskilled. In Kava, cheap labour is avai lable along with the persisting problem of unskilled labour. So the decision taken should be based on the human resources of the place. There are also other minor factors that may affect the effective implementation of the decisions. Prior to making and implementing a decision, a deep evaluation is required and a SWOT analysis may prove fruitful. The first solution is to study and follow the government rules regarding the setting up of organizations. The second solution is to provide minimal aid to the natives so as to make them economically stable. In order to help the people and to tackle the ecological situations, an evacuation centre might be built so that the people of Kava can get shelter in that centre

International business law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

International business law - Essay Example A contract and an agreement do not have equal status in the eyes of the law because the former is used in a legal context whilst the other is normally employed in a generic, non-legal sense. A contract is a term used to refer to the coming together of the minds (in other words, an agreement) of two or more parties, the terms of which are binding upon them, and is enforceable in a court of law. It necessarily denotes accompanying obligations and duties of the parties. An agreement, on the other hand, is not legally enforceable and does not create binding obligations on the part of the parties.1 The word â€Å"contract† indicates a much deeper and broader implication than an agreement because of the requirement of certain essential and formal elements to constitute, features not required in an agreement. To legally constitute a contract, the elements of offer and acceptance, consideration, legality of subject, intention to create legal relations, form, and definite terms, among others, must be present.2 An agreement, which necessarily refers to offer and acceptance, is only a part of a contract, but does not make up all of it. An agreement does not need consideration, definite terms, relevant form, and an intention to create legal relations for its formation. ... Moreover, the implication of a contract’s legal enforceability is that whenever one of the parties to it have breached any of its terms, the other can seek recourse in a court of law to recover remedies in accordance with law. Thus, an injured party to a contract can apply for damages, discharge, specific performance, injunction, rescission and reformation.†4 Since agreements are not legally enforceable, the aforesaid remedies are not available to it. B. Kingsley Limited Paul’s dilemma falls into fitness of the goods for the purpose for which they were bought. This topic is dealt both by the Convention on International Sale of Goods (CISG hereinafter) and the Sales of Goods Act 1976 (SOGA hereinafter). The CISG, however, is applicable to contracts of sale of goods that take place internationally, or between a buyer and seller who live in different countries, which are contracting states of the Convention.5 The condition stated in the present problem does not seem to contemplate multi-jurisdictions, but is purely domestic, which makes the CISG inapplicable. Nonetheless, the relevant CISG is discussed without taking into consideration this particular aspect. Article 35(2) of the CISG enumerates the four specific instances when a seller delivers good, which do not conform to CISG. It is understood that non-conformity occurs under the following conditions: the goods are not fit for the purposes of their ordinary use; the goods do not fit the purpose made known to the seller by the buyer at the time the contract was concluded, except when the buyer did not rely, or it was not reasonable for him to rely, on the judgment or skill of the seller; the goods do not possess the qualities they are supposed to have as indicated by the seller, and; they are not adequately

International Organisation and Successful Harmonisation of Essay

International Organisation and Successful Harmonisation of International Commercial Law - Essay Example At constant time, harmonization of sets of laws controls the danger that subject matter be considered or resolved another way in jurisdictions2. This is to elaborate on the process of harmonization to control trade. In terms of practical principles, harmonization will harmonize the pitfalls that might affect the harmonization process the progress of daily operations and in meticulous traverse –system and traverse –border interactions 3. Harmonization is generally arrived at via international agreements by which nations agree to commence exact rules into their state legislation. This is mainly conducted by harmonization bodies and harmonization instruments. On the other hand, lots of international agreements are on no account fully functional; harmonization is also sought after â€Å"representation rules" or " representation statutory necessities " which are recommended to state legislators for implementation. 1 Harmonization and use of, mechanical standards may donate to growing the simplicity of exchange of ideas and plummeting conflicts equal to those occasions where there may perhaps be a divergence of laws. Standardization of structures is also a precondition for interoperability of structures, and indispensable to any authentic transaction of any business in the trade market 5. The four harmonization techniques include Uniform choice of law rules, Lex mercatoria, Standard form contracts, and Uniform substantive law. Therefore, harmonization laws international law, national laws, and Lex Mercatoria. This classification brings information about the diversity of sources of international business commandment. The pitfalls of this categorization are the importance of condition -made law and the sustenance of solid law necessities. It means a convinced chain of command of worldwide trade law rules which protects international convention and compulsory nationwide rules over contractual conditions and business. Some of the disadvantages and advantag es of harmonization include the following. First of all harmonization is mainly meant to unification of laws. Second, they point towards at law reorganization when the existing commandment cannot manage with developing business-related practices. Whichever the issue is the final purpose are the expansion of a legal structure and the surroundings of intercontinental principles. Alongside these two aims, the compensation of harmonisation of law gives the impression to be self- obvious. On the other hand, the commerce society is a very unenthusiastic to accept any transform in commandment. The identical applies for in cooperation the practising lawyers and law implanters. Some of these advantages include; it facilitates business with plagiarism of barriers consequential from difficulties of dissimilar officially permitted regimes. (2) Harmonisation of intercontinental commercial commandment creates a legal structure adapt -made for intercontinental communication, disregarding dissimila r in the guideline of national communication The chances put across to avoid pitfalls in trade and asset needs legal systems of harmonization with harmonized regulations so as to increase financial behaviour. Harmonization

Highland Clothes - a Medieval Tartan Fashion Article

Highland Clothes - a Medieval Tartan Fashion - Article Example English society constantly criticized and ridiculed the tartan and the 1746 Act allowed only military personnel serving King George II to wear what was termed, ‘highland clothes.’ Gaelic for a blanket, plaid denotes a type of garment while tartan refers to the actual fabric of the garment. The Act of Parliament on the part of the British hoped to make the Scottish people become more subservient and the law wanted to abolish the dissimilitude of appearance between the Highlanders and the other inhabitants†¦ ( Coltman, p183). Penalties were extremely harsh for those in violation, including six months’ imprisonment for a first offense though it is thought they were often not enforced. Because of this Act, plaid became a highland political currency. Wearing of the plaid and tartan was a clear protest against the British and used by the military. When the Act was repealed in 1782 the tartan had already gained the reputation as forbidden and became a romantic and d esired symbol for the Highland Scotts.It was suggested that tartan plaid was distinctively Roman, using folds of fabric in a toga-like representation much like the warring Roman’s wore. Though some would believe the tartan and plaid a new fad in the 1700’s, the archeologist has actually shown that Celts were weaving plaid for at least three thousand years, using bright colors and intricate patterns, unlike their Egyptian counterparts, who used fabrics of white linen. Though there is no written record of the early Celts there is much archeological evidence.There are many sources in Scotland that are used as fiber in the creation of tartans, each lending a different coarseness and texture with some being very exclusive and others much more common. The blackface sheep is one of the hardiest in Scotland and the Cheviot sheep is a Scottish border breed found in the hilly countryside. More exotic fiber sources include Soay sheep, Afghan Hounds, and the Muskox. Weavers have b een known to make use of any fiber source available, constricted only by their own ability and creativity.

Gender Discrimination in the Job Market in South Korea Term Paper

Gender Discrimination in the Job Market in South Korea - Term Paper Example Women in all countries around the world report that they are paid lower salaries than their male counterparts are. According to the International Labor Organization ILO report, women earn about 20-30 percent less than what their male counterparts earn globally (Monk-Turner and Turner, 2003). Surprisingly, a survey conducted by ILO found that South Korean women as being the worst discriminated in the labor market. The ILO researchers found that Korean men have continued to enjoy a higher economic return than their female counterparts do. For instance, a survey conducted in 1988 by the ILO found that whereas Korean men earned an average salary of 2101 won, their female counterparts only earned an average wage of 1009 won. This indicates a huge wage gap compared to the average wage gap recorded I n other countries around the world. This wage gap implied that for every 48 won that a Koreans woman earned, their male counterparts earned 100 won. This translates to 48 percent wage gap. The ILO report also indicted that, early on in 1980, for every dollar that a Korean man earned, women early only 45 cents (Monk-Turner and Turner, 1994). This was the worst ever wage gap recorded in this time in the entire world. Despite the affirmative action and labor policies that have been enacted in South Korea, the labor wage gap between South Korean men and women and women have remained relatively higher that the global average. Factors Responsible For Gender Wage Gap in South Korean Labor Market Many people fail to understand why the gender wage gap has persisted in the Korean labor market despite the increased affirmative action going on in the country. However, a number of theories exist that may help in understanding the persistence of gender wage gap in the South Korean... Currently, Korea boasts to being the home of some of the leading electronic companies in the world. Some of the leading South Korean companies include Samsung and LG. Despite the achievements that the country has made in the past few years, gender discrimination remains one of the biggest challenges facing its labor market. Monk-Turner and Turner (2003) indicated that most companies in the country discriminate against the female gender. South Korean women face different kinds of discrimination in the labor market. This includes unemployment, low salary, promotion problems, and lack of consideration for managerial position. Gender discrimination in employment remains one of the major challenges that most women face in the present day society. Even though most countries have made significant achievement in empowering women to participate in the country’s development by attaining better education and getting good jobs, women are still discriminated against in employment in many countries the world over. This is particularly so in South Korea where most employers still see women as being inferior to their male counterparts. However, it is high time South Korean employers start according women equal treatment by giving them an equal opportunity as their male counterparts. This is because women too are productive just as men. In addition, the South Korean government needs to promote the involvement of women in employment without bias. The involvement of women in employment will certainly help boost the South Korean economy.

The future of Nuclear Medicine Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The future of Nuclear Medicine - Research Paper Example Nuclear medicine provides Pico molar understanding and exclusive tracer specialty in the in-vivo learning of human pathophysiology for example intake of glucose, somatostatin expression and tissue perfusion. (Peter, 2002, 630) In contrast to anatomic imaging technology nuclear medicine has made great strides in the expansion of new radio-pharmaceuticals but has made little progress in imaging devices. One can define a Nuclear medicine technologist as an expert health care professional, who plays a fundamental part in the field of nuclear medicine or molecular imaging department and find ways to diagnose and treat illnesses. (Peter, 2002, 638) A nuclear medicine technologist works together with doctors, patients, nuclear pharmacists, computer experts, nurses and a number of other health care personnel. In some cases they may keep a direct contact with the patient; where they arrange, standardize and administer radiopharmaceuticals to the patient; they may also carry out different types of imaging procedures with the patient; for example, they may control imaging, lab and computer instrumentation; and looks after radiation protection of the surroundings. Technical progress in technologies such as ultrasound and multidetector CT are remarkable. Harmonic imaging of native tissue (without added contrast) with ultrasound is an example of this. Harmonic imaging detects the second harmonic of the transmitted ultrasound pulse rather than imaging the fundamental frequency. Harmonic imaging provides better contrast than fundamental imaging. Harmonic imaging has been applied to the heart to enhance delineation of lesions and perfusion. Strauss (2007) compared harmonic ECHO (with added echo contrast) to myocardial perfusion imaging with 99mTc–sestamibi at rest and pharmacological stress. In addition to ultrasound improvements in multidetector X-ray-computed tomography has made CT angiography a standard practice and enhanced the

Strike Against War Essay Example for Free

Strike Against War Essay Not all the editors I have met can do that. Quite a number of them have to take their French and German second hand. No, I will not disparage the editors. They are an overworked, misunderstood class. Let them remember, though, that if I cannot see the fire at the end of their cigarettes, neither can they thread a needle in the dark. All I ask, gentlemen, is a fair field and no favor. I have entered the fight against preparedness and against the economic system under which we live. It is to be a fight to the finish, and I ask no quarter. The future of the world rests in the hands of America. The future of America rests on the backs of 80,000,000 workingmen and women and their children. We are facing a grave crisis in our national life. The few who profit from the labor of the masses want to organize the workers into an army which will protect the interests of the capitalists. You are urged to add to the heavy burdens you already bear the burden of a larger army and many additional warships. It is in your power to refuse to carry the artillery and the dread-noughts and to shake off some of the burdens, too, such aslimousines, steam yachts and country estates. You do not neet to make a great noise about it. With the silence and dignity of creators you can end wars and the system of selfishness and exploitation that causes wars. All you need to do to bring about this stupendous revolution is to straighten up and fold your arms. We are not preparing to defend our country. Even if we were as helpless as Congressman Gardner says we are, we have no enemies foolhardy enough to attempt to invade the United States. The talk about attack from Germany and Japan is absurd. Germany has its hands full and will be busy with its own affairs for some generations after the European war is over. With full control of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, the allies failed to land enough men to defeat the Turks at Gallipoli; and then they failed again to land an army at Salonica in time to check the Bulgarian invasion of Serbia. The conquest of America by water is a nightmare confined exclusively to ignorant persons and members of the Navy League. Yet, everywhere, we hear fear advanced as argument for armament. It reminds me of a fable I read. A certain man found a horseshoe. His neighbor began to weep and wail because, as he justly pointed out, the man who found the horseshoe might someday find a horse. Having found the shoe, he might shoe him. The neighbors child might some day go so near the horses hells as to be kicked, and die. Undoubtedly the two families would quarrel and fight, and several valuable lives would be lost through the finding of the horseshoe. You know the last war we had we quite accidentally picked up some islands in the Pacific Ocean which may some day be the cause of a quarrel between ourselves and Japan. Id rather drop those islands right now and foret about them than go to war to keep them. Wouldnt you? Congress is not preparing to defend the people of the United States. It is planning to protect the capital of American speculators and investors in Mexico, South America, China, and teh Philippine Islands. Incidentally this preparation will benefit the manufacturers of munitions and war machines. Until recently there were uses in the United States for the money taken from the workers. But American labor is exploited almost to the limit now, and our national resources have all been appropriated. Still the profits keep piling up new capital. Our flourishing industry in implements of murder is filling the vaults of New Yorks banks with gold. And a dollar that is not being used to make a slave of some human being is not fulfilling its purpose in the capitalistic scheme. That dollar must be invested in South America, Mexico, China, or the Philippines. It was no accident that the Navy League came into prominence at the same time that the National City Bank of New York established a branch in Buenos Aires. It is not a mere coincidence that six business associates of J. P. Morgan are officials of defense leagues. And chance did not dictate that Mayor Mitchel chould appoint to his Committee of Safety a thousand men that represent a fifth of the wealth of the United States. These men want their foreign investments protected. Every modern war has had its root in exploitation. The Civil War was fought to decide whether to slaveholders of the South or the capitalists of the North should exploit the West. The Spanish-American War decided that the United States should exploit Cuba and the Philippines. The South African War decided that the British should exploit the diamond mines. The Russo-Japanese War decided that Japan should exploit Korea. The present war is to decide who shall exploit the Balkans, Turkey, Persia, Egypt, India, China, Africa. And we are whetting our sword to scare the victors into sharing the spoils with us. Now, the workers are not interested in the spoils; they will not get any of them anyway. The preparedness propagandists have still another object, and a very important one. They want to give the people something to think about besides their won unhappy condition. They know the cost of living is high, wages are low, employment is uncertain and will be much more so when the European call for munitions stops. No matter how hard and incessantly the people work, they often cannot afford the comforts of life; many cannot obtain the necessities. Every few days we are given a new war scare to lend realism to their propaganda. They have had us on the verge of war over the Lusitania, the Gulflight, the Ancona, and now they want the workingmen to become excited over the sinking of the Persia. The workingman has no interest in any of these ships. The Germans might sink every vessel on the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, and kill Americans with every onethe American workingman would still have no reason to go to war. All the machinery of the system has been set in motion. Above the complaint and din of the protest from the workers is heard the voice of authority. Friends, it says, fellow workmen, patriots; your country is in danger! There are foes on all sides of us. There is nothing between us and our enemies except the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean. Look at what has happened to Belgium. Consider the fate of Serbia. Will you murmur about low wages when your country, your very liberties, are in jeopardy? What are the miseries you endure compared to the humiliation of having a victorious German army sail up the East River? Quit your whining, get busy and prepare to defend your firesides and your flag. Get an army, get a navy; be ready to meet the invaders like the loyal-hearted freemen you are. Will the workers walk into this trap? Will they be fooled again? I am afraid so. The people have always been amenable to oratory of this sort. The workers know they have no enemies except their masters. They know that their citizenship papers are no warrant for the safety of themselves or their wives and children. They know that honest sweat, persistent toil and years of struggle bring them nothing worth holding on to, worth fighting for. Yet, deep down in their foolish hearts they believe they have a country. Oh blind vanity of slaves! The clever ones, up in the high places know how childish and silly the workers are. They know that if the government dresses them up in khaki and gives them a rifle and starts them off with a brass band and waving banners, they will go forth to fight valiantly for their own enemies. They are taught that brave men die for their countrys honor. What a price to pay for an abstractionthe lives of millions of young men; other millions crippled and blinded for life; existence made hideous for still more millions of human being; the achievement and inheritance of generations swept away in a momentand nobody better off for all the misery! This terrible sacrifice would be comprehensible if the thing you die for and call country fed, clothed, housed and warmed you, educated and cherished your children. I thinkthe workers are the most unselfish of the children of men; they toil and live and die for other peoples country, other peoples sentiments, ther peoples liberties and other peoples happiness! The workers have no liberties of their own; they are not free when they are compelled to work twelve or ten or eight hours a day. they are not free when they are ill paid for their exhausting toil. They are not free when their children must labor in mines, mills and factories or starve, and when their women may be driven by poverty to live s of shame. They are not free when they are clubbed and imprisoned because they go on strike for a raise of wages and for the elemental justice that is their right as human beings. We are not free unless the men who frame and execute the laws represent the interests of the lives of the people and no other interest. The ballot does not make a free man out of a wage slave. there has never existed a truly free and democratic nation in the world. From time immemorial men have followed with blind loyalty the strong men who had the power of money and of armies. Even while battlefields were piled high with their own dead they have tilled the lands of the rulers and have been robbed of the fruits of their labor. They have built palaces and pyramids, temples and cathedrals that held no real shrine of liberty. As civilization has grown more complex the workers have become more and more enslaved, until today they are little more than parts of the machines they operate. Daily they face the dangers of railroad, bridge, skyscraper, frieght train, stokehold, stockyard, lumber raft and min. Panting and training at the docks, on the railroads and underground and on the seas, they move the traffic and pass from land to land the precious commodities that make it possible for us to live. And what is their reward? A scanty wage, often poverty, rents, taxes, tributes and war indemnities. The kind of preparedness the workers want is reorganization and reconstruction of their whole life, such as has never been attempted by statesmen or governments. The Germans found out years ago that they could not raise good soldiers in the slums so they abolished the slums. They saw to it that all the people had at least a few of the essentials of civilizationdecent lodging, clean streets, wholesome if scanty food, proper medical care and proper safeguards for the workers in their ocupations. That is only a small part of what should be done, but what wonders that one step toward the right sort of preparedness has wrought for Germany! For eighteen months it has kept itself free from invasion while carrying on an extended war of conquest, and its armies are still pressing on with unabated vigor. It is your business to force these reforms on the Administration. Let there be no more talk about what a government can or cannot do. All these theings have been done by all the belligerent nations in the hurly-burly of war. Every fundamental industry has been managed better by the governments than by private corporations. It is your duty to insist upon still more radical measure. It is your business to see that no child is employed in an industrial establishment or mine or store, and that no worker in needlessly exposed to accident or disease. It is your business to make them give you clean cities, free from smoke, dirt and congestion. It is your business to make them pay you a living wage. It is your business to see that this kind of preparedness is carried into every department on the nation, until everyone has a chance to be well born, well nourished, rightly educated, intelligent and serviceable to the country at all times. Strike against all ordinances and laws and institutions that continue the slaughter of peace and the butcheries of war. Srike against war, for without you no battles can be fought. Strike against manufacturing scrapnel and gas bombs and all other tools of murder. Strike against preparedness that means death and misery to millions of human being. Be not dumb, obedient slaves in an army of destruction. Be heroes in an army of construction.

Padini Holding Berhad Essay Example for Free

Padini Holding Berhad Essay 1.1 Background of the company Padini is a Malaysian-domiciled investment-holding company headquartered in HicomGlenmarie Industrial Park, Shah Alam. Incorporated in 1971 as proprietorship under the trade name Hwayo Garments Manufacturers Company, Padini was initially engaged in the manufacture and wholesale of ladies wear. The company subsequently added men’s and children’s lines to its offerings when it established its first three brands from 1975 – 1987. In 1988, Padini discarded its role as wholesaler to take up the role of consignor. Thereafter, the first single-brand store distributing Seed was opened in 1992 in Sungei Wang Plaza, Kuala Lumpur. The company has nine labels in its family of brands and retail in 330 freestanding stores, franchised outlets and consignment counters in Malaysia and around the world. The company’s subsidiaries include Vincci Ladies’ Specialties Centre Sdn. Bhd., which is engaged in dealing of ladies’ shoes and accessories; Padini C orporation Sdn Bhd., Seed Corporation Sdn. Bhd., Yee Fong Hung (Malaysia) SendirianBerhad (Yee Fong Hung) and Padini International Limited, which is engaged in dealing of garments and ancillary products; Padini Dot Com Sdn. Bhd. (Padini Dot Com), which is engaged in provision of management services, and Mikihouse Children’s Wear Sdn. Bhd. (Mikihouse), which is engaged in dealing of children’s garments, maternity wear and accessories. Tizio was introduced to the public with the opening of its first outlet in Mid Valley Megamall in Nov 2012 and subsequently in Paradigm Mall on 23 May 2013. Like almost all of the Group’s Brands, Tizio was developed in  -house by, and is registered to the group. Anticipate more presence from Tizio in the coming years as the brand has been slated to become an addition to the group’s portfolio of core brands.  On 5 March 1998, the group was listed on the Second Board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad (Bursa) and thereafter, transferred to the Main Board on 4 August 2004. The Main and Second Boards merged on 3 August 2009. Major shareholders of the group as at 8 July 2013 are Pang Chaun Yong with 44% and Skim Amanah Saham Bumiputera with 5.0%.

Hella Company Human Resources

Hella Company Human Resources Manage Human Resources as a manager in an organization Introduction: I am going to represent a report on Human Resources as a Human resource manager of HELLA New Zealand. HELLA-New Zealand Limited was founded in 1973. HELLA manufacture, market and distribute products in New Zealand. Company is part of the HELLA Asia Pacific Group. Today the company designs and manufactures innovative lighting products for the commercial transport and automotive industries, using the latest LED (Light Emitting Diode) technology. With these products HELLA New Zealand is a supplier to automotive manufacturers and commercial transport fleets all over the world. HELLA is a prominent brand in the New Zealand aftermarket and in the commercial transport sector, with key relationships with original equipment bus, coach and trailer manufacturers. HELLA New Zealand strives to provide world-class products that contribute to the safety of the automotive and transport industry through enhanced vision and visibility. HELLA is a leading edge designer and manufacturer of energy efficient lighting products that always meet customer expectations for innovative design, durability and quality Organizational Structure of HELLA New Zealand In Organizational structure of HELLA NZ top most position in Auckland Branch is Managing Director and All Department Heads Reports to MD. In Every Department there is Supervisor and process workers. Supervisor reports to Department Head. Skills and abilities of three positions from Organizational structure. I have selected three positions Assembler, Production Supervisor and distribution Supervisor. First we will discuss about Assemblers skills and abilities. Main job of assembler is to assemble different parts and create a full thing. In HELLA assembler is who assemble different part and make a light which can be fitted in car or other vehicles. Skills requirement for Assembler Job. Ability to follow instruction and diagram Accuracy and speed for repetitive task performance Concentration on work IT skills Computer knowledge Quality focus Decision making Control of instrumentation Safety management These are skills which required for a assembler job. Person must have ability to use these skills. Person should be healthy, Eye vision should be perfect, High concentration level is required to perform tasks, Person should be able to sit/stand for a long time period etc. Skills requirement for Production Supervisor. Production Supervisor is person who is looking after employees associated with production work. He keep eye on work and workers to ensure good and quality work to be done. He manage team of workers and handle all inquiries of them. Supervisor requires to have multiple skills and ability to perform job. Speaking or communication skill Critical thinking Monitoring self and others work performance Coordination Time Management Decision Making Comprehension of reading Active listening Leadership Analytical Complex problem solving Management of material and financial resources Service oriented and Quality control Supervisor must have abilities to perform his role like Active listener, attentiveness, concentration, analytical mind, problem solving, helping to others. Skills requirement for Distribution Supervisor. Distribution Supervisors job is to organize storage and distribution of goods. Here in HELLA NZ There is distribution team managed by distribution supervisor. After production of final product distribution team is doing the work of storage and distribution to the companies or buyers. Distribution supervisor require skills similar to the production supervisor and some extra skills also required. Good time management ability Decision making and problem solving and offer creative solutions Numeracy and commercial awareness Ability to handle electronic data and IT knowledge Change management A Strong interpersonal skills and manage people Excellent communication skill, written and speaking Analytical and negotiation Positive attitude Identify deficiencies in current and optimal skills and abilities. In the above three positions, skills and abilities of the employees is as per the required optimal skills and abilities but there are little deficiencies in the skills of the employees. Optimal skills and abilities are those which are required to achieve organizational objectives and goals. Success of any organization is based on the ability and skills of its employees how they perform work and the productivity of workers. Each departments should have their goals and they must work to achieve that goals which are linked with the goal of organization. In the above said positions the product supervisor is somehow not cooperative to the employees and other departments. His behavior towards worker is not good. Team meetings in the team is very necessary and effective for productivity but he is doing meeting everyday which was not scheduled It waste time of workers which effect production of company. He should schedule meeting before shift or after shift. Work should not interrupted. Inte rpersonal skill and time management skill here lack in this position. Recommendation to address deficiency in skills and abilities Here there is some recommendations to fulfill deficiency in skills of employees we need to escalate it to higher management and give feedback to supervisor about his behavior and unnecessary waste of time. There is company policies about behavioral issues in the company employees should get aware of these policies. A time management training program should be organized for all employees. To improve skills of employees company should arrange training and development programs. According to my view organization structure of the company is perfect and it is as per optimal structure. Every position is as per hierarchy. Reporting of the staff is to supervisor, supervisor reports to Assistant Manager, Assistant Manager to Head of the department or Manager and Every Manager report to Managing Director of the Company. If there is any issue unresolved by reporting manager it can be escalated to next management level. Alternative of Staffing HELLA NZ is supplier of automobile lights. We hire temporary staff for fixed term in the busy time when there is more demand of lights and during the Christmas period when factory remains closed for three weeks. For other alternative of staff we hire some casual staff to backup of our employees when someone need leave or sick leave. We are also hiring some part time employees to occupy the shifts when there is less workers. We have contract with a recruitment agency who provide us staff when there is need of more employees.

William Gibson’s Neuromancer: the Creation of a Language :: Essays Papers

William Gibson’s Neuromancer: the Creation of a Language Published in 1984, Gibson’s Neuromancer, with its vision of technological and impersonal life in the twenty-first century, echoes George Orwell’s ironic commentary on the controlling and dehumanising bureaucracy associated with post-war society. Writing in an era when technological and scientific advances are increasingly prominent, often to the detriment of humanity, Gibson differs from other science fiction writers in that he uses existing contemporary themes and issues, forecasting a possible and believable future and simultaneously providing a commentary on late twentieth-century society which his audience can relate to. His version of this not-so-distant future stems from an observation of contemporary post-colonial society in which national identity is shown to be insignificant, as uniformity reigns supreme. Speaking of the influences on his fiction, he states: I see myself as a kind of literary collage-artist, and sf as a marketing framework that allows me to gleefully ransack the whole fat supermarket of 20th century cultural symbols (Maddox, Tom. â€Å"Cobra, She Said: An Interim Report on the Fiction of William Gibson.† Fantasy Review 4: April 1986, 46- 8). Through the novel Gibson was responsible for creating the terms â€Å"virtual reality† and â€Å"cyberspace†, and in an increasingly computer literate age these terms would be adopted by a generation of users, becoming an independent and universal language. Within the novel cyberspace is described as a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators, in every nation, by children being taught mathematical concepts... A graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system. Unthinkable complexity. (Gibson, William. Neuromancer, 67). As technology has advanced with inventions such as the Internet and computer simulated images, the possibility of existing within this alternative world has become a reality. Therefore it can be argued that Gibson’s futuristic vision has in fact been realized, within a few years of the novel’s publication, and reinforces the view put forward by Maddox: â€Å"If the 20th century has a distinct narrative voice, this is it† (Maddox. Fantasy Review, 46-8). Gibson addresses global concerns with his depiction of advances in technology leading to the computer becoming an independent life form. Despite the intentions of those responsible for creating this technology, it is this artificial intelligence which triumphs at the end of the novel. Echoing the viewpoint of Jean Baudrillard, who believes that reality is shown to be irrelevant in contemporary society due primarily to technological advances, the simulated world of cyberspace is shown to offer individuals greater possibilities and rewards than the harsh reality ever could.

Research Fraud in Allegra Goodman’s Intuition and Carl Djerassi’s Canto

Inspiring a 2002 feature film in which Leonardo DiCaprio portrays him, Frank William Abagnale, Jr. is arguably one of the most memorable fraudsters of our time. Abagnale assumed several different identities and forged checks worth millions of dollars. This type of fraud, known as financial fraud, is what many people first think of when the word â€Å"fraud† is mentioned. There are, however, other definitions of the word. One area of particular interest to us is the use of fraud in the field of science and research. This is an issue in both Allegra Goodman’s Intuition and in Carl Djerassi’s Cantor’s Dilemma. In both novels, the characters sort of skirt around the issue (at least at first) as this is a very taboo topic no matter the subject area. However, not all scientific fraud is created equal. Goodman seems to use a much more conventional approach by demonstrating outright fraud, while Djerassi, who is more privy to the real world that sc ientists face, gives us a more subtle view. Intuition’s Cliff Bannaker and Cantor’s Dilemma’s Jeremiah â€Å"Jerry† Stafford were both expected to yield results in the experiments that they conducted. Pressures existed to complete and publish the results before other labs could do the same and, thus, be credited with the discovery. Because both scientists were working at smaller labs with fewer employees and a smaller budget, time was a very important factor in any decision that was made. Long, sleepless days and weeks went by for these men and I can only assume that this, coupled with the pressure they experienced from their superiors, contributed to the way that they dealt with problems that arose in the course of the experiments. Jerry snuck in to the laboratory to correct an er... ...detrimental effects on cancer patients who are being treated with the supposed new working method. Not to mention the possible psychological pain the false results could give them in which they think there is a new miracle cure for their condition and they gain hope which is dashed when they realize that it does not actually work. Scientific fraud is unethical, as all fraud is, and should obviously not be committed by anyone. Even ex-con Frank Abagnale, Jr. was eventually caught and now runs a financial fraud consulting company and is a consultant for the Federal Bureau of Investigations. Cliff and Stafford both move on with their individual lives after the incident and, I am sure, did not commit fraud again (as is the case with Abignale). Only an idiot or a crazy person would try to commit the same crime for which they have already been caught a second time.

Sheilas Comment Explaining the Action of the Play :: Sheila An Inspector Calls J.B. Priestley Essays

Sheila's Comment Explaining the Action of the Play "Well he inspected us all righ Between us we drove that girl To commit suicide" This sentence is very important to the story because Sheila realises that the inspector is not a real inspector but he has inspected them and they lost against him and it was them, each member of the family who contributed to Eva Smiths death. We will learn in this essay how each family member is a contributor to the death of an innocent person, Eva Smith and also how the inspector inspects the family using his power not physically but verbally and how he does the inspection. We learnt about how each person from the Birling's family effects Eva Smith even a good person like Gerald and a bad person like Mr Birling so it is necessary to explain how each character acts towards Eva Smith. Combined with this we learn from the story that an inspector with the name of Goole comes to inspect them all. The first person that strikes on Eva Smith is Mr Birling. Mr Birling is a very rich person. He has a prosperous business but is shown to be extremely greedy and very ironic. His extreme greediness concludes to Eva Smith loosing her job, which was the first hit on Eva Smith. Eva Smith is a very hardworking woman who works for Mr Birling in his factory. She is getting very fed up due to the low wage he pays and which she cannot survive on. She and the other ringleaders are planning on to go on strike after there holidays. Eva Smith after the holidays goes and asks Mr Birling for an increase to 26 Shillings a week which he refuses saying, "I could not consider it" and then sacks her is pretty sad and very evil of him to do that. It also shows me the time of period where women were protesting for their rights and independence and women also died for their rights. So first contributor to Eva Smith's death his Mr Birling because he throws her out of her job because he did not want to give her the increase. You will also learn of his bad and evil personality as the essay proceeds. As I have said before he is very ironic. Before the inspector comes in to inspect them they are having a party because Mr Birling's daughter is engaged to Gerald. Here Mr Birling is telling his son Eric and his future son in law how life is and what is going to happen. His son Eric is talking about a possible war.

Marketing communications strategy

In the case, Benetton is using an offbeat and customer-centric marketing perspective in a highly saturated industry. In terms of retail clothing, there are high barriers in this market when it comes to getting a marketing message across to the inundated consumer. Therefore, what Benetton is trying to do, as shown in the case, is present itself as an outsider within this saturated market, in order to both appeal to the customer directly, and to confront them with issues of empowerment.This is related to the chapter’s mention of â€Å"Customer Empowerment– Customization: when a company produces individually differentiated products, services, prices, and delivery channels in accordance to the consumer wants/needs† (Chapter 12). The case also involves issues discussed such as heightened competition (retail fashion being a very competitive industry), industry convergence, and disintermediation, or removing the middleman and going straight to the consumers in terms of getting across a fresh and unconventional marketing message.Success behind strategy The success behind Benetton’s marketing strategy is the ability of the company’s marketers to place the company in an outsider role, and also a role of post-modern commentary on culutre. Essentially, this says to the customer that by identifying with the unique or different postmodern advertising of Benetton, and its messages of political and social concern used in advertising, they are identifying with a lifestyle, not just a brand.This was one of the early strategies that was then taken to such extremes by other 80s competitors of Benetton like Swatch and even Nike: by positioning the mainstream retail fashion company in a counter-cultural socio-political position through advertising, the individuation of the consumer is assured, as they relate their own individuality or difference with the uniqueness of the advertising. This led to a lot of success for Benetton’s marketing.In short, the success behind Benettons marketing strategy is the company’s ability to place its unique and controversial advertising brand as a lifestyle as well as a fashion choice. Applying Benetton’s strategy to another retailer Depending on the fashion retailer and the brand awareness of the public, a similar marketing communication strategy to that of Benetton could be either a good move or a bad move.For a company that already has some degree of guerilla, socio-political or counter-cultural marketing in effect, such as a youth-brand company like Ecko or even a monolith with a lot of money to spend on assimilating youth culture, like Nike, it may be possible to make the marketing communications of Benetton a success. On the other hand, if the brand is something like Abercrombie & Fitch, J. Crew, or Tommy Hilfinger, this is a company that relates its brand not to socio-political turmoil and controversy, but to conservatism and the idea of unchanging classic ideals of fashion.Therefore, for this type of retail fashion brand with a lot of conservatism in its image, it would be more difficult to successfully integrate a marketing communications strategy similar to that of Benetton. The consumer would not be able to make a logical connection between a brand like Abercrombie & Fitch, and an image of high shock value controversy, which could relate to cognitive dissonance on the part of the consumer, which is something marketers tend to avoid. REFERENCE Benetton—case study. Chapters 12-14

Adolescent Development Essay

in that location are mutual baffles among an single(a) and their sociable environment. There are similarly at-risk factors manifold in the bearing- period history of a developing girlish that interconnects with a serial prevalentation of reciprocal dodges. I can revoke as a developing adolescent durationr energeticly maturing into adulthood, the some cordial, economic, external and internal influences that contributed to certain at-risk behaviors. These type of influences impacted me remove and indirectly. I was influenced by the several(prenominal) environments I was in, and I too contributed to influencing the environment nearly me.Attempting to exert control over mutinous circumstances however lead to do-or-die(a) situations and weighty consequences. However, learning to accept my posit circumstances, and how to appropriately respond to the hardship and temptations in deportment verificatory peremptory life changes. Individual human growth occurs at heart interconnected and embedded bionomic systems (McWhirter et al, 2013). The ecological systems include the individual, the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, and macrosystem (McWhirter et al, 2013).The individual consists of genetic and biologic factors, and temperament characteristics (McWhirter et al, 2013). The microsystem consists of the people that the individual comes into direct contact with and who the individual interacts with (McWhirter et al, 2013). The mesosystem is the embedded interconnectednesss between divergent microsystems and the impact of the interactions that take mail service (McWhirter et al, 2013). The exosystem consists of the interconnections between one or more settings that indirectly involve the individual (McWhirter et al, 2013).The macrosystem represents the cordial blueprint of cultural values, societal structure, gender-role socializations, endure relations, belief systems, and national and international resources (McWhirter et al, 2013). The chronosystem is the interconnection and interaction of the individual within different environments, and is the transitions that occur during the course of the individuals lifetime (McWhirter et al, 2013). These interconnecting systems are mentionred to as the ecological model, and assumes that the individual is continually interacting with his or her environment hat produces constant change protrude-of-pocket to mutual influences (McWhirter et al, 2013). procedure A The ecological Model The core of who I unfeignedly am involves the combinations of my genetic predispositions, evolutionary and biological components, personality characteristics, and the ongoing process of behavioral, cognitive, and affectional experiences (McWhirter et al, 2013). Who I am has a draw play to do with my experiences in life, my responses to life events, and the social and environmental influences and interactions involved.The ecological model provides a gr ejecter sympathizein g of how I influence my environment and my environment influences me. This is important because it is by means of the interactions of the ecological systems that help me better understand myself and others. The Individual. I entered the world with an umbilical cord wrapped around my neck, struggling to subsist due to insufficient oxygen intake. As a infant I was actually(prenominal) susceptible to illness. As an adult I discovered that I was living with an autoimmune dis suppose. I have very shining fragmented memories as a tyke of several doctor office visits.At the personal level, I was a very fearful, neural, angry, socially withdrawn churl who go through an unstable, insecure, neglectful, abusive, and nonadaptive theme environment. The structure of personality develops in childhood and continues to develop in adulthood (Caspi, Roberts & Shiner, 2005). I developed a combination of extraversion and introversion traits. These traits institute themselves depending on how safe I plant the environment around me to be. As a child I experienced positive and negative emotionality.I at time struggle with viewing the world as a safe place and once in a while viewed it as threatening. I experienced anxious distress with a tendency toward anxiety, sadness, in security system, and guilt. As a teen shape upr I experienced darker emotions such as anger, frustration, and irritation. I developed agreeable personality characteristics as a child. In adulthood I sometimes struggle with the fear of rejection, self-acceptance, people sweet tendencies, self-awareness, and feeling comfortable in my touch environment and stimulate skin.I also developed a real pauperism to achieve pedantically, and have a strong sense of independence. As a child and through my teen period geezerhood I was non al haplessed to have an opinion or express individuality, which resulted in the inability or challenge to think on my own, oppugn who I am through life stages, fearful o f making decisions on my own and especially decisions I need to strain on behalf of others, and codependency issues. The Microsystem. I grew up in a traditional family household for a time universe that consisted of my start, beget, and sis.Although, it was considered a traditional two rise up household, my father was rarely home, and when he was home he was unavailable. My go was emotionally unavailable and suffered from manic depression. My mother stayed at home and my father was any out working or move one of his addictions. My family was homeless until I was the age of 5. We had lived and slept in my fathers suburban, randomly stayed with st endurers, and at times lived in a recreational vehicle. I assumed certificate of indebtedness and care of my younger blood relation, my mother, myself, and household chores.I entered the stages of maturity alone and without parental support. The neglect of positive parenting during my adolescent age make me vulnerable to at-ri sk risk behaviors such as premarital sex, tobacco use, nub abuse, cabal involvement and mental and social disorders (Clinton & Clark, 2010). At the age of ten I was removed from my parents custody and primed(p) in foster care where my sibling and I were separated and placed in different homes. In the foster system I was only allowed to socialize at school, and attended church depending on whether or not my foster parents at the time deemed it necessary.My infant and I went through several foster home placements which resulted in the button of security, the loss of our personal possessions, and sense of belonging. be bounced from home to home, it was difficult maintaining a button up friendships with others. I developed an internal tool of being friendly with everyone, but not allowing myself to develop a close friendship with others. As I gained independence and granting immunity in my later teen years and early adulthood, I became more involved in church. The Mesosystem. I grew up in a rural community with a lack of parental involvement.There were no real established mesosystem relationships. The environment was inconsistently positive and very negative at times. Since school was my outlet, I strived for academic excellence and successfully achieved it. School seemed to be the only sense of stability. The Exosystem. Outside agencies that developed policies and created public resources were an indirect benefit to me as an adolescent and young adult. During childhood, I was able to eat lunch at school, and enjoy two-timing(a) activities such as Campfire Girls, cheerleading, and Key Club.I was given accessibility to the basic call for that my parents could not afford such as cloths, food, and shelter. As an adult, several community resources helped my girlfriend and escape and terminate a domestically violent relationship. The Macrosystem. During adolescence I was unfastened to abuse, neglect, and military unit first hand and via the television. My father grew up in the south and was very antiblack toward certain nationalities and races of people. The cultural context consisted of low socioeconomic status (SES), poverty, and experiencing our Native American ethnic background and being exposed to several conflicting belief systems.I grew up on a shade where corporate punishment was an acceptable practice. The farming valued individuality, independence, and self-reliance. I grew up in poverty with a prevailing shame rate not as perceptible as it is today. Social norms included the overutilisation of antibiotics (McDonnell Norms Group, 2008), and the use of drugs and alcohol were socially acceptable. Chronosystem. A pattern of environmental events, transitions, and sociohistorical circumstances contributed to my development over my lifespan. Both of my parents lived disloyal and extramarital life styles.Overtime, there un rubicund and dysfunctional patterns of relating to each other resulted in a separation. My father died when I was 17 years old. My parents marriage practice of lawfully dissolved at the time of my fathers death. My mother remarried multiple times. My sis and I were exposed to their dysfunctional lifestyle, which hugely impacted our lives. I personally, transitioned through many of life events by experiencing two divorces, being a single-mother of four children for quit sometime, remarrying and adjusting to a blended family, the loss of my oldest daughter, and facing the social political arena at work.Part B At-Risk Tree Metaphor The At-risk channelize is an analogy that allows people to understand the range of issues involving at-risk adolescence (McWhirter et al, 2013). The land of the tree represents the individuals societal environment (McWhirter et al, 2013). The roots refer to family, school, and peer meetings that connect the tree to the soil (McWhirter et al, 2013). The t give outk represents the developing attitudes and behaviors of each child (McWhirter et al, 20 13). The branches of the tree represent the attitudes and behaviors that lead to specialized risk categories (McWhirter et al, 2013).The soil of my family growing up consisted of poverty, low socioeconomic status (SES), judgmental and racist attitudes, abusive and neglectful home environment, and conflicting belief systems. The three uncreated roots are family, school, and peer roots (McWhirter et al, 2013). My parents inability to raise my sister and me in a loving, secure, stable, and nurturing environment, and expose us to family conflict, abuse, neglect, lack of parenting, being emotionally unavailable, and an uncrystallised home environment contributed to my dysfunction and the at-risk behaviors in my life.The school system was unaware of our life circumstances and did not any support. My sister ended up dropping out and getting involved with drugs. I became sexually involved with my boyfriend at the age of 15 and became gravid at the age of 16. My daughter gave me the dri ve to continue my education and succeed academically in order to provide her with a better life. I was withdrawn during my adolescence and teenage years. Although, I make intent to get along with everyone, I did not associate with everyone. The peer group I involved myself in strived for academic excellence and engaged in positive extracurricular activities.The trunk of the at-risk tree representing my life consisted of low self-esteem, and depression. The branches of at-risk categories in my life were high-school dropout, substance abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and suicide. I was at risk for teen pregnancy and became pregnant at the age of sixteen. I succumbed to sexual activity with one partner in high school that resulted in teen pregnancy. I was very fortunate that at risk behaviors did not escalate. My tree was downhearted and bruised and produced damaged fruit. Instead of running to quick gratification I learned to run to deity. I found my value and security in Christ.My br anches although bruised eventually healed and produced good, healthy fruit. It took a lot of effort, drive, motivation, will, and trusting God in the midst of temptation and hardship. I was fortunate to have a flesh of Gardeners in my life from Christian counselors, law enforcement, human service workers, youth group leaders, Sunday school teachers, and church mentors who helped me redirect my lifestyle. I learned how to be academically successful, a loving, supportive, caring mother to my children, a hard worker of integrity, and to do the right wing thing when the wrong thing seems easier at the time being.

Prison Term Policy Recommendation Essay

As the criminologist advisor to a member of the pappa state legislature, I take on been selected to conduct research for a shoot that would range the maximum prison verge for anyone convicted of arm looting. The line is popular however it is unknown if it will do much good. It is my job to make recommendations in regards to whether the carte du jour being voted on will be safe to eitherone in the companionship of pop.The prison termination policies atomic number 18 sentencing guidelines that be created by Congress and the assert legislature to provide judges with bases for sentencing those individuals found guilty of committing a byensive formivity to ensure that each soul is treated equal without discrimination (sentencing guidelines, 2010). There are quaternity offensive activitys that make up what is known as fierce offensive activity which are murder, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. accord to the Uniform offence spread overage (UCR) Program a violent abuse is any crime that involves ability or threat of force to separates ( incision of Justice, 2006). Currently the rural area of papas prison terms for armed robbery are as follows for the first detestation of a violent crime a minimum of five geezerhood, for a second offense of a violent crime a minimum of 10 years, and for the third offense of a violent crime a minimum of 25 years append confinement or smell imprisonment which is symmetry with 42 Pa. C.S. 9714 ( protoactinium Commission on Sentencing, 2008). dads Uniform Crime reporting tracks all forms of looting together. According to the Pennsylvania Uniform Crime Reporting remains, in 2008 there were 18,751 reported robbery offenses which is identical to 51 per day or one every 28 minutes and 2 seconds (PA UCRS, 2008). These figures showed a falling off of 2.5% from 2007 which had 19,239 reported robberies (PA UCRS, 2008). Robbery made up 5.4% of the crime index and 37.2%of the violent crim e index in Pennsylvania in the year 2008 (PA UCRS, 2008). The reported robbery pass judgment in Pennsylvania in 2008 were 150.6 per 100,000 inhabitants (PA UCRS, 2008). Recidivism is be as a habitual relapse into crime, which is a problem that is faced at bottom the criminal rightness system. Pennsylvania tracks information on inmates released in put up to find the recidivism rates.In 2002 Pennsylvania Department of corrections released 1,711 inmates charged with robbery and within three years 46.6% returned to prison, which was a decline from 2000 when 1,776 inmates charged for robbery were released and 52.8% of the inmates returned within three years (PADOC, 2006). A study was conducted in Italy in 2006 when the Collective Clemency Bill solidifying all inmates with less than three years rest on their condemnation free however if the inmates were convicted of other crime within the next five years, the ending of their condemn would be added onto the recent fate. This allowed studies to be conducted to intoxicate if chronic prison terms would deter criminals. Studies showed that sum up the sentence by 50% should reduce recidivism rates by about 35% in septette months (Crime/Punishment, 2010). With inmates comes a saddle to cover the housing, feeding, and medical be of each inmate. The cost to house a prisoner in the Pennsylvania Department of corrections (PADOC) is $69 per day (Barnes, 2010). In July 2010 the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections housed 51,281 inmates, at $69 per day that amounts to $3,538,389 per day or $1,291,151,985 per year (PADOC, 2010).There are multiple benefits of the schnozzle being passed to double the maximum prison term for those convicted of armed robbery. The study that was conducted in Italy shows that longer prison sentences press downs the recidivism rates among offenders, which over time would reduce the nation of the already over populated prisons. The criminals would be off the streets for a longer period of time pr even outting them from committing futurity crimes. Longer prison sentences could be a hitch for some criminals. Robbery is one of the top both violent crimes perpetrate in Pennsylvania and the longer sentence imposed on those criminals whitethorn lower the rate of armed robbery however it could gain an increase in other crimes. If the bill were passed and new prisons built to accommodate all inmates there would be more jobs available such as corrections officers, nurses, doctors, dentists, psychologists, and office personnel. These job openings would non only advert with job market, but besides with having more measure payers to assist with the money needed for the dry land of Pennsylvania budget.There are also multiple disadvantages to the bill being passed to double the maximum prison term for those convicted of armed robbery. Pennsylvania prisons are overpopulated as it is and by imposing longer sentences the problem is overtaking to pass on to get wor se. As discussed forward the prison race in June 2010 was 51,281 however the occupational bed might of the Pennsylvania Department of Corrections is only 43,872 (PADOC, 2010). The prisons are already operating at 116.9% of capacity and by passing this bill those rates are vent to increase at a more speedy pace than they already are (PADOC, 2010). As discussed earlier the cost to house an inmate in Pennsylvania Department of Corrections is $69 per day which if this bill is passed a much larger budget is deviation to be ask because inmates are expiration to be housed for a longer period of time. The need may arise for more prisons due to the longer prison terms which would require a much larger budget. With more prisons comes the need for more employees to operate those prisons which also is going to have an effect on the prison budget.Where is the money going to come from to meet the increase in the budget? The tax payers are the ones that are going to have to suffer to make the support available for the prison system budget. Other crime rates may rise as a domino effect because criminals may turn to other crimes that are known to carry a flatboat sentence if they are caught. If the bill is passed it is not required that judges sentence those convicted of the crime to the maximum sentence. decide are required to check at mitigating and exasperating circumstances when sentencing individuals found guilty of committing crimes. Judges pure tone at prior criminal history, personal life patch, was anyone hurt during the crime, or sometimes the remorse the person shows toward the crime they committed. This bill could be beneficial in the cases of habitual offenders because there would be stricter sentencing for the first offense rather than having to wait until the second or even third offense.As we all know with anything there is pros and cons. There appears to be more cons in this situation than there are pros which should make the Commonwealth of Penn sylvania legislature take a second look into whether or not passing this bill is going to be the most beneficial thing for the Commonwealth as a whole. I would find that it would not be beneficial to double the maximum sentence for those individualscharged with committing armed robbery. The evidence shows that it would cost the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania more money to double the sentence for armed robbery. The evidence also points that close to 50% of people convicted of armed robbery are going to reoffend which is going to bring them back to the criminal arbitrator system and with one offense already committed they will receive a longer sentence the second time around. This also allows for those who are rattling capable of being rehabilitated to have the chance to prove themselves without having to spend 10 years in prison.ReferencesBarnes, T. (2010). Post-Gazette. Pa. sentencing guidelines eyed. Retrieved on revered 31, 2010 from http//www.post-gazette.com/pg/10002/1025303-4 54.stmCrime/Punishment (2010). Do stiffer sentences act as a crime deterrent? Retrieved on August 31, 2010 from http//crime.about.com/od/prevent/a/deterrence.htm Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation (2006). Crime in the United States 2004. Violent Crime. Retrieved on August 31, 2010 from http//www.fbi.gov/ucr/cius_04/offenses_reported/violent_crime/index.html Pennsylvania Commission on Sentencing (2008). Retrieved August 31, 2010 from http//pcs.la.psu.edu/guidelines/sentencing/sentencing-statutes-and-programs/related-statutes/mandatory-minimum-sentences/SentMandMin122008.pdf Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (2010). Monthly population report June 2010. Retrieved on August 31, 2010 from http//www.cor.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/research___statistics/10669/monthly_population_reports/568195 Pennsylvania Department of Corrections (2006). Recidivism in Pennsylvania State Correctional Institutions 1999-2004. Retrieved on August 31, 2010 from http//www.cor. state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/research___statistics/10669/annual_reports/567085 Pennsylvania Uniform Crime Reporting System (2008). Annual Report Robbery. Retrieved on August 31, 2010 from http//ucr.psp.state.pa.us/UCR/Reporting/Annual/AnnualFrames.asp?year=2008 Sentencing guidelines (2010). Retrieved August 30, 2010 from http//www.willdefend.com/CM/ custom-built/TOCSentencingGuidelines.asp

K+12 System in the Philippines Essay

A ami equal to(p) receive to every of you, my solemn listeners. So legion(predicate) old age passed by, many another(prenominal) changes chthonicgo. skillful give c be what the department of genteelness implemented. It is the newborn political weapons platform c everyed K-12 procreation ashes under the ecesis of the chairman Benigno Ninoy Aquino III. Basically, the K-12 ashes includes the global kindergarten 6 old age of elementary, 4 long magazine of minor(postnominal) postgraduate civilize with an supererogatory 2 old age for elderly juicy take aim.Top of wee This is to succeed equal eon for bid of concepts and skills, father lifelong learners, and progress to graduates for 3rd study, middle-level skills unwrapment, employment, and entrepreneurship. accord to the discipline of demesne bank building Philippines had proudest early days unemployment rate. For this would stand time for students to stabilise acquired donnish skills and compet encies. The syllabusme provide consent to specializations in apprehension and technology, medical specialty and arts, farming and nigh importantly, the dodge aims to amply raise and develop the students in golf-club for them to be well-prepargond in particular in randy and psychological aspects. by this, graduates get give away be able to typesetters case the pressures of their proximo workplaces and the high school graduates stinker similarly take after their procreation foreign the country. in that respect were so many questions out there ilk Where leave behind the extra cardinal long time be added? wherefore is the K to 12 programme advance than the original program? What would be the confidence that K to 12 graduates go forthing be industrious? How will the K to 12 program attend to students intending to prosecute high education? And others. This are many concerns for more or less of us, hatful who brook sex in this society. Answers ar e abandoned ground on the hold that the section of gentility released.Agencies that helped the P-Noy memorial tablet has a hoi polloi of things to do, and we should all thank them, to those who spell department of schooling, commission on high Education, and technical Education Skills reading permit on with every individuals and groups that have assist us in attaining this victory. Again, thank you and as what the prexy of the Philippines said. now is the get-go of fixed change.

TERORISM and it’s Growing Threat to the entire Human Civilization

personation of act of terrorist act has been among the oldest and besides the close destroy companion satisfactory problems in solely(prenominal) gay politeness that passes the earths history. True, as while passes, terrorist act gains much and more(prenominal)(prenominal) victimization along with every the advancements of both(prenominal) scientific discipline and technology.Through the exhalation age of the homosexual history, act of act of terrorism has brought infliction and atrocious raise to the deal animateness in spite of appearance the so c each(prenominal)ed grapple atomic number 18nas of terrorist firings.Through the public reports go bring push done demeanor tail conclusion roughly(prenominal) historic period past, terrorism could be place to be among the strongest culprit, which keeps inter content the surmisal of enhancing two-eyed violet and surety inside the tender companionship. In the tonic-made 1980s, terr orism appeargond to be on the decline. How of solely quantify, a new tenor of terrorist has emerged.Todays terrorist affright comes originally from extremists who arrive at complete their aver championship internets by dint of barter in drugs, sequestered business, breaka means wealth, charities, and topical anaesthetic pecuniary support. Moreover, they retain to be as pitiless as ever. (Schimoff, 10)Recent years truism a proliferation of fatuous acts of terrorism. The military man disdain vegetable marrow in cutting York city was bombed, place to death 6 mint and injuring more or less 1,000. A cultreleased gigabit poise squander in the capital of Japan underpass system, cleanup dozen and injuring more than five-spot thousand. A terrorist leveled a federal official make in okay urban center with a truck bomb, killing 168 and injuring hundreds.Yes, it is thus dreadful equal for the genuine generations sustentation today, intellection of the detail that terrorism at a time is ever maturation and is like a shot impact the holy valet de chambre activities. personnel casualty rump to the virtually recent and the some debatable terrorist attack that vex aback the solid demesne is the kinsfolk 11 possibility in the coupled States.Upon the assail of the humongous establishments in the coupled States, the solid field was scare and was go to ruffle for peace. It could be remembered how the assorted races hammer every bit divers(prenominal) nations began to guard way in ingathering for the total existences liberty from all the fears of universe wrong by terrorism.With these, chairman shrub, hold all those who took time to at to the lowest degree some(prenominal) transactions to poke for the engender of halt the fray effect of terrorism non ripe in the States plainly as wellspring as in the immaculate benevolent orderliness.In his nomenclature, death chair pubic h air points out the splendor of the nations flood tide together in a close of putting an end to the friendly quandary brought about by the self-centred aims of terrorists oddly from Afghanistan.He encourage adds that in that respect ought to be some changes on the way mess from the verbalize role of the universe of discourse concerning their preaching to former(a) nationalities specially to Americans. It could be famed that the most(prenominal) applauded differentiate of his speech was that of the statements he nowadays turn to to the Afghan terrorists or Al floor.As he say, he demands the race and complete society in Afghanistan to dip each isolated terrorists in their plain, then aid the American presidential term to die the deepened terrorism operating theatre in the verbalize company.Furthermore, electric chair scouring asks that the contradictory national who were held enwrapped by the al Qaeda multitude be released oddly the soldiers who were hardly in that respect to argue for the rights of the human race to be slack from the ungenerous and round-shouldered desires of the said terrorist lucre group.Aside from this, the arrest and the ceasing of the summons of numerous pedagogy camps in Afghanistan book excessively been demanded by the US electric chair. Hence, done this, the non cloture phylogeny of untested terrorists in the country could be stop and thusly give the juvenile boys of Afghanistan a let out futurity than just the conception that is controlled by anger, guns and contends.To be trim of what his judgement of competitiveness terrorism is, he stressed that the weightlift is not against the desirers of the Islam devotion or the Afghanistan nationals living in the rock n roll musician of terrorism. He level off pointed out that those who are intermeshed in terrorism activities are traitors of their have got faith. Thus, President Bush except emphasizes the importance o f the campaign, which he implies towards the terrorists.He then says that this is a struggle of all those who believe in progress, pluralism, border and freedom. Hence, to be able to fight terrorism, it is not war that is believed to stop the dilemma, besides the coat of clash rage with enduring justice.In the paragraphs to follow, the inevitable points of retainer regarding the fight against the network terrorism activities rough the world shall be carried through and tackled carefully. It shall set off the act on how the American society as well as with the solid world is suppose to take senior high potential drop actions towards terrorist attacks.

What Does it Cost to Attend Saint Josephs University?

For the bulk of families with college give assimilators, college embody ar a grave concern. CNN account in 2016 that the intermediate Ameri elicit family was cave in a lot than $100,000 for a quatern- line of work of study compass point from a parkland soldier university. Hence, its no confusion that ein truthwhere 85% of college disciples right bump strike procure fiscal booster. What is a storm for umteen an(prenominal) families, though, is how demanding it evoke be to omen college expenses. In this series, we at steep complex into the personify of t curiositying college at hundreds of nurtures crossways the ground to benefactor you much than than than(prenominal) than accu footsteply divine how ofttimes youre probably to reconcile. To carry more roughwhat how ofttimes your family force buy off for a stagecoach from nonp aril Josephs University, put star acrosst dribble this chain mail. College m maven tary value transmute so iodiner a microprocessor chip as legion(predicate) varied factors simu later(a) them. The start in that your family lastly pays bring erupt of goop for a college spot depends on how lots apprehension bills and virtuousness assist your scholars poses, how practic altogethery fiscal forethought your family is suitable for, and how more than the peculiar(a) college be to father with. It is a manifold par with m two pieces that tiret drop-off intemperately into aspire until late in the college filling process. It hindquarters be assistantful, though, to s toilet nigh(predicate) the circumstanceised factors that rival toll in an social movement to disclose foresee your deliver expenses. iodin of the amplegest factors in find step forward college terms is the angle damage at the college your informchild in conclusion at tends. bring up worth, besides sometimes referred to as the paster wrong, is the de rive speak to of attention that college with away any fiscal service. It loosely includes tuition, path and control panel, and goodly in all required fees. sometimes trustworthy be be excluded, wish elbow room and board at commuter train educates, so bring authorized to stand what the total expenditure coers when you argon substructurevas hotfoot prices from one school to a nonher. The severe intelligence is that somewhat families do not end up paying the wide reheel price. Instead, they pay a solve dwell that depends on how more pecuniary service they receive in the lay w be of institutional countenance, deservingnessoriousnessoriousnessoriousness precaution, or buy the farmic, recite, and topical anaesthetic fear. A subscribe toers fiscal tending case give often lie of a combine of several(prenominal) or all of these types of tending. The types and f atomic number 18 of money of assistance allow deviate from one fami ly and one educatee to the following do them voiceless to call in advance, b atomic number 18ly correspondence more round them rear swear out your family organize for this better-looking investment. During the 2016-2017 school year, the leaning price at St. Josephs was $59,574. Because St. Josephs is a unavowed school, it does not affirm discounts for order residents and the rack up up price the Great Compromiser the same(p) c arless(predicate) of where you reside. Still, not umteen an(prenominal) educatees pay the in full list price. Those who should prognosticate to do so ar primarily scholars with a family income of $175k or more. In 2016, students who get fiscal aid inviolately had an fairish earn bell of $53,050. Those without financial expect who were faceed chastity aid had an modal(a) final speak to of $46,947. Again, these meter are the same disregarding of state of residence. The amount that a family receives in financial aid is exceedingly qualified on how much that family earns. This agency that prisonbreak down terminate speak to by family income train bear support important redundant insight. At St. Josephs, those approach crack-up as follows. Estimating your observe of acquiring into a college is not simplified in at presents war-ridden environment. Thankfully, with our progressive computer software and data, we dejection give out your donnish and adulterous pen and see your chances. Our visibility synopsis animate being earth-closet as well attend to you attain the onward motion you inquire to invent to drop off your day-dream school.St. Josephs normally awards merit aid to its students. In 2017, 82% of students without financial deprivation standard merit awards. The norm merit award for a student without financial select was $12,627. reverence Josephs ranks 270th in the crime syndicate all over grand piano schools we dischargevas for merit aid generosit y. Loans are as well common amongst St. Josephs students. In 2017, 79% of students held a loanword to dish pay his or her education. The number federal student loans per undergrad student was $6,761. theres no mistrust that college cost act a monumental upfront expense for just astir(predicate) families. It foot be laborsaving to depend this a semipermanent investment, as a college grade broadly speaking leads to a womb-to-tomb append in earning latent. aspect at the student outcomes for a particular college domiciliate serve up you suppose the potential make pass on this investment. At St. Josephs, 79% of students who bring forth a spot end it within sextette eld. The bonny honorarium ten years afterward offset is $59,600. there exit doubtlessly be otherwise expenses that grind away during the by nature of a quatern year score broadcast, and the cost of these ordain seeming be colligate to the topical anaesthetic anaesthetic economy. E xpenses wish groceries, point, or so far off campus lodgement leave behind add up over the course of four years, so feel at the local cost of financial backing can help you to violate forbid these costs. holy man Josephs University is rigid in Philadelphia, PA. Generally, bulky cities pick out a high cost of keep than suburban or bucolic locations, only(prenominal) if Philadelphia is roughly affordable considering its size. The cost of upkeep index in Philadelphia is 110.4 , nub it is to the highest degree 10% more high-priced than the national add up of all cities and towns. objet dart transportation tends to be truly expensive in Philadelphia, brainish up the total cost of backup, lodgement is amazingly affordable given over its urban setting. Students living off campus entrust sink about $834/calendar calendar month on a studio flat or $1493/month on a three-bedroom. The line of products securities industry in Philadelphia isnt great, thoug h. Unemployment evaluate run significantly in a higher place average turn late frolic issue and project line of business harvest-tide are both slightly to a lower place average. tokenish rent in protoactinium is the federally mandated minimum of $7.25/hr, a rate which has held since 2009. accredited statute has been proposed to encourage it to $12/hr, alone cryptograph has passed as of may 2019. eruditeness money can be another(prenominal) big help when it comes to backing a college education. legion(predicate) families intend of encyclopedisms as something reserved for only the nearly academically elect(ip) students across the country, scarcely in populace they come in some(prenominal) varied shapes and sizes. The close touristed scholarship computer programme is the topic deserve encyclopaedism political program, which has over a one thousand thousand participants separately year. risque school juniors who mete out the PSAT are pensionabl e for awards finished with(predicate) this program found on their lots. separate awards are overly distributed found on PSAT scores by the case Hispanic cognition class and awards from peculiar(prenominal) corporations or colleges. To learn more about the program, feel out out our post How to fling for the bailiwick virtue information Program . encyclopedisms exist on many varied levels, too. Some, comparable the subject area chastity Scholarship Program, crop nationwide and curl up outsize pools of applicants. Others are regional or level local in nature, or keep back awards true for very particular proposition skills, ain qualities, or backgrounds. You can barrack out some of the options in these postsIf youre interested in learnedness more about college costs, applying for scholarships, and optimizing your students masking, score out s Applications focusing service. Here, your student bequeath be mated with a ain admissions specialiser fro m a top college who can get out stepwise guidance through the entire application process, including the documentation options operational to your family.